我國農產品價格上漲原因及對策
資源天下 2021/4/29 13:28:59
摘要:農產品價格波動已經成為我國物價上漲的一個主要因素。很多農產品的進口依賴于外國,從而國際農產品價格的上漲也就帶動了國內農產品價格的上漲。供需失衡,種植面積減少,農產品種植成本上漲,市場游資抬升產銷中間環(huán)節(jié)冗長等因素也在一定程度上助長了農產品價格的上漲。為抑制農產品價格過度上漲,需要完善農產品進出口管理制度及產品期貨市場,培育農民專業(yè)合作組織,穩(wěn)定農作物種植面積。另外,還應加強農產品流通管理,降低農產品批發(fā)運輸?shù)戎虚g環(huán)節(jié)費用,嚴厲打擊農產品囤積炒作行為,加快信息化建設,發(fā)展訂單農業(yè)等新型交易方式。
關鍵詞:農產品價格;上漲;對策
Agricultural Prices Rise Causes and Countermeasures of Our Country
Abstract Agricultural price volatility has become a major factor in rising prices in China. Many agricultural products depend on foreign imports, and international agricultural prices has led to the domestic agricultural prices. Factors such as imbalance of supply and demand, reduction of planting area, risen costs of agricultural planting, risen of market liquidity, and long intermediate of production and sales also contributed to rising prices to some extent. To curb excessive agricultural prices rise, we need to improve the system of agricultural products import and export management and product futures market, cultivating farmers’ professional cooperative organization, and stable crop planting area. In addition, we should strengthen the management of the agricultural products circulation, reduce the fee of wholesale and transport of agricultural product. We also need to crack down on hoarding hype behavior of agricultural products, speed up the informatization construction and developing the order agriculture as a new way to trade.
Keywords prices for agricultural products ; rising ; countermeasures
一、我國農產品價格上漲的狀況
近年來,我國農產品價格節(jié)節(jié)上漲,且上漲幅度明顯高于CPI整體漲幅,引發(fā)社會強烈反響。2004-2012年,全國農產品批發(fā)價格指數(shù)年均約漲9個點,其中2007年-2008年受國際市場大幅上漲帶動,漲幅在15個點左右,2008年下半年起在國際金融危機影響下小幅下跌,2010年有所反彈,2011年漲幅擴大至20個點,2012年漲幅趨緩。綜合農產品價格變化的歷史規(guī)律和當前國內外市場形勢,預計2013年我國農產品價格總體正常上漲,但漲幅可能會小幅回落。預計2013年全國農產品批發(fā)價格指數(shù)約為205,比上年高7個點左右。2013年國內大米、小麥漲幅在5%左右,玉米漲3%~5%,棉糖分別降3%和7%。[1]農產品價格的非正常上漲,進一步提高了居民的生活成本。面對漲價,一些消費者選擇減少消費或者選擇其他的替代品。通貨膨脹、物價上漲,使居民的生活預期蒙上了一層陰影。為了降低物價上漲對生活的影響,部分居民不得不選擇做“海屯族”:囤積衣物、冬季過冬的大白菜等等,以應對農產品價格的不斷上漲。[2]另外,農產品價格的上漲并沒有增加農民的收入。中間商的囤積炒作是造成價格上漲的主要原因,因(未完,下一頁)
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