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數(shù)控機(jī)床振動鉆削運(yùn)動學(xué)特性及加工參數(shù)優(yōu)化
程林林 2023/12/24 8:30:56
泰州技師學(xué)院，機(jī)電工程系，江蘇泰州 225300
摘要：針對TA6鈦合金難加工的特點(diǎn)，通過麻花鉆對合金實(shí)施振動鉆削測試。研究結(jié)果表明：與常規(guī)鉆削方式相比，鉆削力發(fā)生了動態(tài)分量的顯著提升，更易生成切屑。本實(shí)驗(yàn)振動鉆削形成的軸向力與扭矩均值相對常規(guī)鉆削方式下降比例為10%～15%。提高鉆削速度后，形成了明顯波動的軸向力與扭矩，但整體波動程度很小。當(dāng)振幅提高后，發(fā)生了軸向力的降低，而扭矩則表現(xiàn)為先降低再升高的變化特征。軸向力與扭矩回歸值和測試值的誤差都未超過10%，表明本模型能夠達(dá)到可信度要求。
關(guān)鍵詞：鈦合金；低頻振動鉆削；切屑形態(tài)；鉆削力
中圖分類號：TG506
Kinematics characteristics and machining parameters Optimization of vibration drilling for NC machine tools
Cheng Linlin
Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Taizhou Technician College, Taizhou 225300, China
Abstract: According to the characteristics of TA6 titanium alloy which is difficult to process, the vibration drilling test was carried out on the alloy by twist drill, and the chip characteristics and cutting force differences between the vibration drilling method and the ordinary drilling method were compared under different machining parameters. The results show that, compared with the conventional drilling method, the dynamic component of drilling force is significantly increased, and it is easier to generate chips. In this experiment, the mean axial force and torque generated by vibration drilling decreased by 10% ~ 15% compared with conventional drilling. After increasing the drilling speed, the axial force and torque fluctuate obviously, but the overall fluctuation degree is small. When the amplitude increases, the axial force decreases, while the torque decreases first and then increases. The error of axial force and torque regression value and test value is less than 10%, indicating that the model can meet the reliability requirements.
Key words: Titanium alloy; Low frequency vibration drilling; Chip morphology; Drilling force
0引言
鈦合金作為一種具備抗高溫氧化、耐腐蝕、低彈性模量等多項(xiàng)優(yōu)異特性的合金材料，目前已經(jīng)成為航空航天器件、高鐵、精密機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)等領(lǐng)域獲得廣泛使用[1-4]。現(xiàn)階段，已有許多國內(nèi)外學(xué)者開展了振動鉆削方面的研究工作。Hussein[5]通過對比測試發(fā)現(xiàn)，相對于傳統(tǒng)鉆削方法，采用低頻振動鉆削方法可以達(dá)到更低切削溫度并減小殘余應(yīng)力，從而對零件疲勞壽命產(chǎn)生明顯影響；Karafi[6]自主設(shè)計(jì)了一種扭轉(zhuǎn)振動鉆具并對其進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)測試，獲得更高精度的鉆孔尺寸控制性能，針對振動鉆削運(yùn)動過程構(gòu)建了動力學(xué)仿真模型，由此實(shí)現(xiàn)對（未完，下一頁）
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