機(jī)械臂跟蹤軌跡路徑特征點(diǎn)方法有效性分析
張欽 2024/8/9 21:21:09
江蘇聯(lián)合職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院,淮安生物工程分院,江蘇淮安 223200
摘要:考慮關(guān)節(jié)速率與載荷制約條件,確保規(guī)劃軌跡可以有效發(fā)揮機(jī)械臂的驅(qū)動(dòng)作用,目前傳統(tǒng)方法需要對(duì)大量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算,整體效率偏低。因此設(shè)計(jì)了一種機(jī)械臂跟蹤軌跡路徑特征點(diǎn)方法,并進(jìn)行有效性分析。研究結(jié)果表明:改方法計(jì)算下形成了平滑過渡的速度和加速度曲線,獲得的速度曲線能夠達(dá)到連續(xù)光滑的性能要求。該研究表明本文方法具有很高的運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性,對(duì)后續(xù)的機(jī)械臂路徑特征點(diǎn)目標(biāo)軌跡規(guī)劃奠定一定的理論基礎(chǔ)。
關(guān)鍵詞:機(jī)器人;運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型;動(dòng)力學(xué)模型;時(shí)間近似最優(yōu);軌跡規(guī)劃
中圖分類號(hào):TP242
Effectiveness analysis of path feature point method for manipulator tracking trajectory
Zhang Qin
Huai ’an Bioengineering Branch, Jiangsu United Vocational and Technical College, Huai ’an 223200, China
Abstract: Considering the constraints of joint speed and load, to ensure that the planned trajectory can effectively play the driving role of the manipulator. At present, the traditional method needs to calculate a large number of data, and the overall efficiency is low. Therefore, a path feature point method for tracking trajectory of manipulator is designed and its effectiveness is analyzed. The results show that the velocity and acceleration curves of smooth transition are formed by the modified method, and the obtained velocity curves can meet the requirements of continuous smooth performance. The study shows that the proposed method has high operational stability, which lays a certain theoretical foundation for the subsequent trajectory planning of manipulator path feature points.
Key words: robot; Kinematic model; Dynamic model; Approximate optimal time; Trajectory planning
1 引言
為機(jī)械臂確定目標(biāo)軌跡時(shí)可以采用試教法來實(shí)現(xiàn),之后再以軌跡規(guī)劃方法計(jì)算得到關(guān)節(jié)速度曲線[1-2]。因此需要通過二次規(guī)劃方法來優(yōu)化目標(biāo)軌跡,使機(jī)械臂達(dá)到更快運(yùn)動(dòng)速度,大幅縮短方法處理時(shí)間。相對(duì)傳統(tǒng)形式的軌跡規(guī)劃方法,根據(jù)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型構(gòu)建的軌跡規(guī)劃方法可以充分發(fā)揮機(jī)械臂的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)與動(dòng)力控制過程非線性,同時(shí)考慮關(guān)節(jié)速率與載荷制約條件,確保規(guī)劃軌跡可以有效發(fā)揮機(jī)械臂的驅(qū)動(dòng)作用,同時(shí)也需注意上述方法需要對(duì)大量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算,整體效率偏低[3-4]。
相平面法可以達(dá)到很高的處理效率,但缺乏良好的通用性,極大提高了約束難度,此外如果考慮加速度因素的制約時(shí),將導(dǎo)致相平面法的計(jì)算過程更加復(fù)雜[5]。孫曉軍[6]則利用速度特征點(diǎn)和修型射靶方法來調(diào)整優(yōu)化最初的軌跡參數(shù),保證經(jīng)過修形處理的目標(biāo)軌跡達(dá)到關(guān)節(jié)速度與力/力矩限制條件,形成了光滑過渡的速度曲線。通過測(cè)試可知,上述軌跡規(guī)劃方法對(duì)各類目標(biāo)軌跡都實(shí)現(xiàn)了理想規(guī)劃效果,可以獲得滿足連續(xù)平滑性能的最優(yōu)軌跡。
本文選擇相平面法設(shè)置速度曲線,同時(shí)利用相平面法調(diào)節(jié)的方式使方法達(dá)到更高處理效率,通過軌跡平滑處理的方式來達(dá)到穩(wěn)定控制機(jī)械臂運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)的效果。
............
以上研究結(jié)果表明,速度曲線規(guī)(未完,下一頁)
附件下載:機(jī)械臂跟蹤軌跡路徑特征點(diǎn)方法有效性分析
|