柔性多體機(jī)械系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性的ADAMS仿真研究
(作者未知) 2009/10/23
(接上頁(yè))的振動(dòng)。圖6是連桿中點(diǎn)彈性振動(dòng)的頻譜,在200 Hz 以下的頻率中,都激起了較大振動(dòng),1 Hz 附近是機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)頻率,120 Hz 處又有一個(gè)較大的振動(dòng)峰值,這個(gè)頻率要遠(yuǎn)小于連桿兩端自由或兩端鉸支的的固有頻率,是機(jī)構(gòu)剛體運(yùn)動(dòng)和彈性振動(dòng)耦合產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)。在200 Hz 帶寬中集中了較多的能量,這是在機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中,通過(guò)碰撞將一部分能量轉(zhuǎn)移到了彈性體振動(dòng)上,此時(shí)如果計(jì)入彈性體材料的阻尼,將逐漸消耗這部分能量。所以在含運(yùn)動(dòng)副間隙的機(jī)構(gòu)中,運(yùn)動(dòng)副中的碰撞將能量逐漸傳遞給機(jī)構(gòu)中的彈性體,同時(shí)激起了彈性體的振動(dòng)從而加劇了能量的損耗,降低了機(jī)構(gòu)的使用性能。
4. 結(jié)論
使用固定界面動(dòng)態(tài)子結(jié)構(gòu)法,結(jié)合非線性碰撞模型,研究了含柔性構(gòu)件和運(yùn)動(dòng)副間隙的曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu),分析和數(shù)值模擬表明經(jīng)過(guò)坐標(biāo)變換的固定界面動(dòng)態(tài)子結(jié)構(gòu)法,可以有效地減縮系統(tǒng)自由度和反應(yīng)運(yùn)動(dòng)副間的相互作用,特別是能反應(yīng)運(yùn)動(dòng)副中存在的較大作用力。ADAMS仿真計(jì)算表明,在含柔性構(gòu)件和運(yùn)動(dòng)副間隙的曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)中,間隙和構(gòu)件柔性相互作用,激起系統(tǒng)大范圍的振動(dòng),加劇了能量損耗,并產(chǎn)生“爬行”現(xiàn)象,降低了系統(tǒng)的使用性能。
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