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超聲探測頸項(xiàng)透明層檢測早期胎兒染色體異常
（作者未知） 2010/8/4
（接上頁）受過產(chǎn)前超聲檢查。絕大多數(shù)染色體核型正常的胎兒孕早期超聲顯示的增厚的頸部透明層在14周后會(huì)自行消退，因此，密切隨診觀察頸部透明層的變化情況對于判斷預(yù)后，判斷胎兒是否有染色體核型異常很有幫助。雖然超聲檢查在篩選高危胎兒方面的作用越來越明顯，但同時(shí)也存在著較高的假陽性率，在測量過程中，頸項(xiàng)透明層的厚度會(huì)受到胎位，胎頭活動(dòng)度，頸后羊水量等因素的影響，因此對測量的精確性要求很高，測量的平面須是胎兒的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)矢狀切面，并需要在能清楚顯示胎兒的羊膜層及皮膚時(shí)方能測量。
綜上所述，在早孕和中孕早期，胎兒頸項(xiàng)透明層異常征象是目前提示胎兒染色體異常的最敏感和最特異的超聲指標(biāo)，因此，目前國際及國內(nèi)的很多產(chǎn)科中心已將早孕和中孕早期胎兒測量頸項(xiàng)透明層厚度作為常規(guī)檢查項(xiàng)目之一。
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)
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