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碩士學位論文 火炮外彈道測量及修正技術研究，正文共75頁。
【摘要】 本文在深入分析火炮外彈道測量及修正技術的理論基礎上,以某底凹彈為背景,提出了一種利用微加速度計和磁阻場傳感器測量彈丸軸向加速度和炮口速度的設計方案,研制出了原理樣機并進行了地面實驗和靶場試驗,主要做了以下幾個方面的研究。提出了利用磁阻式傳感器進行炮口轉速及速度測量的方法。首先將傳感器輸出的正弦電壓信號波形進行整形濾波處理變?yōu)榉讲�；對方波計�?shù)后就可準確獲得炮彈的轉數(shù)。根據(jù)炮彈轉速和軸向速度的關系可準確計算出炮彈的出炮口軸向瞬時速度。為了消除加速度計的離心加速度,采用雙加速度傳感器配置法檢測炮彈質心軸向加速度,在彈丸飛出炮口的時刻,加速度傳感器開始采集上升階段的加速度,再由彈載微處理器解算出實時軸向加速度。針對某底凹彈修正引信的要求,開發(fā)了以DSP芯片TMS320F2811為主處理器的彈載彈道參數(shù)測量系統(tǒng)的硬件電路,重點解決了彈載系統(tǒng)所要求的抗高過載,低功耗,高精度,出炮口零時刻等關鍵問題,設計了磁阻傳感器和加速度計的信號調理電路,A/D轉換電路、數(shù)據(jù)存儲電路、通信接口電路和DSP控制電路,編制了控制各部分硬件電路正常工作的軟件模塊,實現(xiàn)了炮口速度和軸向加速度測量的軟件算法。地面實驗和靶場試驗表明：磁阻傳感器測量炮口速度和雙加速度計測量軸向加速度方法可行、數(shù)據(jù)準確,測量裝置具有抗高過載生存能力,惡劣環(huán)境抗干擾能力,滿足修正引信對彈道參數(shù)測量的要求。目前該技術已成功用于軍方某部隊的彈道測量及修正系統(tǒng)中,得到了用戶的好評。
【Abstract】 This paper begins with a profound analysis of the measurement of exterior trajectory and correction techniques,taking a hollow base cartridge as experiment platform, magnetoresistance sensor and Micro-electromechanical Systems(MEMS) accelerometer are utilized to measure muzzle velocity and axis acceleration. The main research works are as follows.On the analysis of magneto-resistance effect, a method to measure muzzle velocity based on magnetorsistive sensor is proposed. Firstly, the sinusoidal voltage waveform of sensor output is shaped and filtered to square waveform; secondly, the projectile’s turns can be exactly obtained by calculating the optimum square wave. Finally, muzzle velocity is deduced from the relation between speed and axial acceleration of the projectile.In order to eliminate centrifugal acceleration of the accelerometers,a dual-accelerometer configuration is adopted to detect centroid axis acceleration of the projectile.Two accelerometers begin to sample acceleration when the round is flying off the muzzle,and microprocessor on the projectile calculates real-time axis acceleration.In order to meet requirements of a hollow base cartridge, a prototype measurement device based on TMS320F2811 was developed. Several critical issues, such as anti-high overload, low power consumption, high accuracy and determining the right time of flying off the muzzle, are solved. Signal processing circuit for magnetoresistance sensor and MEMS accelerometer, A/D circuit, data storage circuit, communication interface circuit and DSP control circuit are designed. Moreover, software modules are developed for controlling hardware circuits and realizing measurement algorithm of trajectory parameter.Ground test and firing range test both verified that trajectory parameter measurement based on magnetoresistance sensor and MEMS accelerometer is feasible,accurate measurement data can be obtained.Moreever, the measurement device feature anti-high overload capability and good anti-jamming performance,it can fully meet requirement of correcting fuze to the trajectory parameter measurement. At present,this technology has succeeded uses in the trajectory measurement and correction system servers in the army, which get high praise from the users.
【關鍵詞】 彈道修正； 炮口速度； 數(shù)字信號處理； 磁阻傳感器； 加速度計；
【Key words】 trajectory correction； muzzle velocity； DSP； magnetoresistance； accelerometer；
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